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Leptospirosis

This can cause fever and rash, but it is distinguished by a history of exposure to contaminated water or animal urine and is often associated with severe myalgias and conjunctival suffusion.

Leucocytoclastic vasculitis

This is a broader category for palpable purpura; meningococcaemia is a specific septic vasculitis distinguished by its rapid progression to purpura fulminans and positive cultures for Neisseria meningitidis.

Purpura fulminans

This is a devastating syndrome of disseminated intravascular coagulation and skin necrosis; meningococcaemia is the most common cause, but it can also be caused by other bacteria.

Rocky mountain spotted fever

This tick-borne illness is distinguished by its characteristic rash that starts on the wrists and ankles and spreads centrally, often becoming petechial on the palms and soles.

Septic vasculitis

Meningococcaemia is a prime example of septic vasculitis; it is distinguished from other causes by its fulminant course and the specific identification of the meningococcus.

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