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Amelanocytic melanoma

A melanoma that lacks pigment, presenting as a pink or red, often ulcerated and bleeding nodule that can be mistaken for other lesions.

Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophila

Presents as pink-to-red papules or nodules, often on or around the ear, and is characterized by a proliferation of blood vessels and lymphocytes.

Angiosarcoma

An aggressive vascular malignancy, often on the scalp of the elderly, that presents as an ill-defined, expanding, bruise-like patch or purpuric nodule.

Atypical fibroxanthoma

A low-grade sarcoma on sun-damaged skin of the elderly, typically presenting as a rapidly growing, solitary, reddish, ulcerated nodule.

Basal cell carcinoma

Nodular BCC presents as a pearly, pink or red, translucent papule or nodule with surface telangiectasias.

Clear cell acanthoma

A benign tumor, typically on the lower legs, appearing as a solitary, well-demarcated, moist, reddish-brown plaque or nodule.

Cutaneous B cell lymphoma

Can present as solitary or grouped, violaceous or reddish-brown nodules and tumors, typically on the head, neck, or trunk.

Cutaneous metastasis

Cancer that has spread to the skin, often appearing as a firm, non-tender, rapidly appearing, reddish or skin-colored nodule.

Dermatofibrosarcoma protruberans

A low-grade sarcoma that begins as a firm, plaque-like lesion and slowly grows into a large, protuberant, reddish-blue multinodular mass.

Eruptive xanthomata

Crops of small, reddish-yellow papules with an erythematous halo that appear suddenly, often on extensor surfaces and buttocks, in patients with very high triglycerides.

Furuncle

A deep, tender, red, inflammatory nodule (abscess) evolving from a single hair follicle, which becomes fluctuant and points.

Haemangioma

A benign tumor of blood vessels, such as an infantile hemangioma, which appears as a bright red, raised nodule in infants.

Hidradenitis suppuritiva

A chronic inflammatory condition presenting as recurrent, painful, deep-seated erythematous nodules and abscesses in intertriginous areas.

Infected epidermoid cyst

A previously stable cyst that becomes acutely inflamed, presenting as a tender, red, swollen, and fluctuant nodule.

Insect bite reaction

An inflammatory response to an insect bite that can form a persistent, firm, erythematous, and intensely itchy nodule.

Lymphoma cutis

Skin involvement by lymphoma can present as infiltrated, violaceous or erythematous nodules and tumors.

Lymphomatoid papulosis

A chronic condition with recurrent crops of reddish-brown papules and nodules that spontaneously regress, often leaving scars.

Merkel cell carcinoma

A rare, aggressive neuroendocrine skin cancer, appearing as a rapidly growing, painless, firm, shiny, pink-red or violaceous nodule on sun-exposed skin.

Milker's nodule

A viral infection from cattle, causing one or more firm, reddish-blue, painless nodules on the hands, often with a central depression or crust.

Nodular Acne

A severe form of acne vulgaris with large, hard, painful, deep-seated inflammatory nodules.

Orf

A viral infection from sheep or goats, presenting as a solitary, firm, reddish papule on the hand that evolves into a large, weeping nodule with a violaceous rim and central umbilication.

Polyarteritis nodosa

A medium-vessel vasculitis that can cause tender, subcutaneous erythematous nodules, often in a linear or starburst pattern along the course of an artery.

Poroma

A benign sweat gland tumor, usually on the soles or palms, presenting as a solitary, moist, red, often pedunculated or sessile nodule.

Pyogenic granuloma

A benign, rapidly growing vascular proliferation that presents as a bright red, friable, raspberry-like nodule that bleeds very easily.

Scabies

In addition to burrows and papules, scabies can cause persistent, reddish-brown, intensely pruritic nodules, especially on the genitalia and axillae.

Spindle cell haemangioma

A vascular neoplasm presenting as multiple, firm, bluish-red nodules, typically on the distal extremities.

Spitz naevus

A benign melanocytic nevus, common in children, that often appears as a rapidly growing, symmetric, pink or red, dome-shaped papule or nodule.

Squamous cell carcinoma

Can present as a firm, indurated, hyperkeratotic, or ulcerated erythematous nodule on sun-exposed skin.

Syringocystadenoma papilliferum

A benign adnexal tumor, often arising within a nevus sebaceus on the scalp, that develops into a verrucous or papillomatous reddish nodule.

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