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Atrophic lichen planus

A variant of lichen planus that can heal leaving behind atrophic, hypopigmented scars.

Discoid lupus erythematosis

A chronic form of cutaneous lupus that typically heals with atrophic, hypopigmented (or depigmented) scars with a hyperpigmented rim.

Halo naevus

A common benign phenomenon where an existing mole is surrounded by a symmetric, depigmented ring or "halo" as the immune system clears the mole.

Hydroxyquinone

A typo for hydroquinone, a topical lightening agent that can cause a permanent, confetti-like or patchy depigmentation from destruction of melanocytes.

Hypomelanosis of Ito

A neurocutaneous syndrome characterized by hypopigmented patches that follow a distinctive whorled or linear pattern along Blaschko's lines.

Hypopigmented mycosis fungoides

A variant of this cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, most common in darker skin types, that presents as persistent, well-demarcated, hypopigmented patches.

Idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis

A very common, benign condition with multiple, small (2-5 mm), discrete, porcelain-white "confetti-like" macules on sun-exposed shins and forearms.

Imatinib

A tyrosine kinase inhibitor drug that can cause a dose-dependent, diffuse or patchy hypopigmentation in a significant percentage of patients.

Incontinentia pigmenti

The fourth and final stage of this genetic disorder is characterized by atrophic, hypopigmented, hairless patches and streaks.

Leprosy

Tuberculoid leprosy classically presents as one or more large, well-defined, anesthetic (loss of sensation), hypopigmented patches.

Lichen sclerosus

A chronic inflammatory condition causing distinctive white, atrophic, "cigarette paper" or wrinkled skin, most commonly in the anogenital region.

Melanoma-associated leukoderma

The development of vitiligo-like patches of depigmentation in a patient with melanoma, which may be a sign of a good prognostic immune response.

Morphea

A form of localized scleroderma where the active, lilac-colored border fades to leave a central, hardened, atrophic, hypopigmented or ivory-white plaque.

Naevus anaemicus

A congenital patch of skin that is pale because of localized vasoconstriction, not a lack of pigment; the patch characteristically disappears when pressing on it with a glass slide (diascopy).

Naevus depigmentosus

A stable, congenital, well-demarcated hypopigmented patch that does not change over time, and unlike vitiligo, melanocytes are present but produce less melanin.

Onchocerciasis

A parasitic infection ("river blindness") that can cause a "leopard skin" appearance with patchy, atrophic hypopigmentation.

Pinta

A treponemal infection that evolves through stages, resulting in late-stage, permanent, achromic (depigmented), atrophic patches.

Pityriasis alba

Common in children with atopy, these are ill-defined, hypopigmented, slightly scaly patches on the face and arms.

Pityriasis versicolor

A common fungal infection that classically presents as multiple, well-demarcated, hypopigmented macules with a fine scale on the upper trunk.

Post inflammatory hypopigmentation

A common acquired loss of pigmentation that occurs after any type of skin inflammation or injury, leaving a flat patch of lighter skin in the same shape as the original lesion.

Progressive macular hypomelanosis

A condition with asymptomatic, ill-defined, non-scaly, symmetric, hypopigmented macules on the trunk, often in young adults with darker skin.

Radiotherapy

Radiation treatment can damage melanocytes within the treatment field, leading to a permanent, sharply demarcated patch of depigmentation.

Sarcoidosis

Rarely, cutaneous sarcoidosis can present as hypopigmented patches or plaques.

Scleroderma

Systemic sclerosis can cause a "salt-and-pepper" pattern of depigmentation (guttate hypopigmentation within a background of hyperpigmentation).

Steroid overuse

Prolonged injection or application of potent topical steroids can cause localized skin atrophy and hypopigmentation.

Syphilis

Secondary syphilis can cause "leukoderma colli" or "necklace of Venus," a pattern of small, hypopigmented macules on a hyperpigmented background on the neck.

Tuberous sclerosis

A genetic disorder characterized by "ash-leaf" spots, which are congenital, hypopigmented macules that are often the earliest sign of the disease.

Vitiligo

An acquired autoimmune condition causing progressive, well-demarcated, "milk-white" macules and patches of depigmentation that can affect any part of the body.

Yaws

A treponemal infection that can cause late-stage depigmented, atrophic scars.

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