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Behcet's disease

A systemic vasculitis characterized by recurrent, painful, aphthous-like ulcers in the mouth and on the genitals.

Chickenpox

A viral illness where the classic skin vesicles are often accompanied by painful, rapidly ulcerating vesicles on the palate and pharynx.

Erythema multiforme

An acute hypersensitivity reaction that can cause hemorrhagic crusting of the lips and painful erosions on the oral mucosa, often along with target lesions on the skin.

Hand foot and mouth disease

A common viral illness in children causing painful vesicles and ulcers in the mouth, along with a vesicular rash on the hands and feet.

Herpangina

A viral illness (usually coxsackievirus) causing fever and a characteristic eruption of small vesicles and ulcers on the posterior pharynx, soft palate, and tonsils.

Herpes simplex

Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis causes numerous, painful vesicles and ulcers throughout the mouth, on the gums, and lips, accompanied by fever.

Mucous cyst

A soft, bluish, translucent swelling (mucocele) on the inner surface of the lower lip, caused by a ruptured minor salivary gland duct.

Mucous membrane pemphigoid

An autoimmune disease causing chronic, scarring blisters and erosions on mucous membranes, particularly the gums (desquamative gingivitis) and palate.

Pemphigus vulgaris

A severe autoimmune disease that almost always begins with flaccid, easily ruptured bullae that become extremely painful, persistent erosions in the oral mucosa.

Shingles

Reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus in a cranial nerve can cause a unilateral eruption of painful vesicles on the palate or tongue.

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