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Allergic contact dermatitis

An intensely pruritic, eczematous rash with swelling and vesicles, often from an allergen in condoms or personal lubricants.

Balanitis

A general term for inflammation of the glans penis, presenting with erythema, swelling, and sometimes discharge.

Bowenoid papulosis

An HPV-induced condition with multiple reddish-brown or violaceous papules on the genitalia that are histologically a form of squamous cell carcinoma in situ.

Candidiasis

A yeast infection causing erythema of the glans with small, satellite papules or pustules, often with a cottage cheese-like discharge under the foreskin.

Circinate balanitis

A manifestation of reactive arthritis, presenting with painless, shallow erosions on the glans that coalesce into a serpiginous or circinate plaque.

Eczema

Presents as an itchy, erythematous, and scaly rash on the penile shaft or scrotum.

Epidermoid cyst

A firm, dome-shaped subcutaneous nodule containing keratin, which can occur on the shaft or scrotum.

Erythroplasia of Queyrat

A form of squamous cell carcinoma in situ specifically on the glans penis, presenting as a persistent, well-demarcated, velvety, red plaque.

Extramammary Paget's disease

A rare skin cancer presenting as a persistent, well-demarcated, red, scaly, and eczematous-looking plaque on the penis or scrotum.

Fixed drug reaction

A drug reaction that characteristically recurs in the exact same location as a solitary, well-demarcated, dusky red or violaceous plaque that may blister.

Fordyce spots

Benign, ectopic sebaceous glands appearing as multiple, tiny, yellowish or white papules on the shaft of the penis.

Genital warts

Condyloma acuminata caused by HPV, appearing as single or multiple soft, fleshy, cauliflower-like growths.

Herpes simplex

A sexually transmitted infection causing a cluster of small, painful vesicles that rupture to form shallow, grouped ulcers.

Lichen nitidus

Presents as an eruption of myriad, tiny (pinpoint-sized), shiny, flat-topped, skin-colored papules, which are common on the penile shaft.

Lichen planus

Presents as violaceous, flat-topped papules, often in an annular configuration on the glans penis.

Lichen sclerosus

A chronic inflammatory condition causing distinctive white, atrophic, 'cigarette paper' plaques on the glans and foreskin, which can lead to phimosis.

Milia

Multiple tiny, white, firm, pearl-like superficial keratin cysts, which can be found on the penis.

Molluscum contagiousum

A viral infection causing multiple, discrete, skin-colored, dome-shaped papules with a characteristic central umbilication.

Mucous membrane pemphigoid

An autoimmune disease that can cause scarring blisters and erosions on the glans penis.

Pearly penile papules

A benign, normal variant presenting as one or more rows of small, dome-shaped, skin-colored papules around the corona of the glans.

Penile intraepithelial neoplasia

A general term for pre-cancerous lesions on the penis, including Bowen's disease and erythroplasia of Queyrat.

Psoriasis

Presents as well-demarcated, red, shiny plaques on the glans or shaft, often lacking the typical silvery scale.

Reiter's syndrome

Now reactive arthritis, which can cause circinate balanitis, a serpiginous or circinate plaque of shallow erosions on the glans.

Scabies

A parasitic infestation causing intensely pruritic papules and characteristic reddish-brown nodules on the penile shaft and glans.

Sclerosing lymphangitis

A benign condition with a firm, cord-like, serpiginous structure encircling the coronal sulcus, representing a thrombosed lymphatic vessel.

Sebaceous glands

Prominent sebaceous glands (Fordyce spots) are a normal variant appearing as tiny yellowish papules on the shaft.

Squamous cell carcinoma

A malignant tumor presenting as a persistent, firm, indurated, warty, or ulcerative lesion that fails to heal.

Syphilis

Primary syphilis presents as a single, painless, firm, clean-based ulcer (chancre) with an indurated border.

Zoon's balanitis

A benign inflammatory condition of the glans penis in uncircumcised men, presenting as a solitary, well-demarcated, shiny, moist, red-orange plaque.

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