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Atypical naevus

A benign mole with some irregular features (asymmetry, border irregularity, color variation) that mimic melanoma, also known as a dysplastic nevus.

Becker's naevus

A large, unilateral, hyperpigmented patch with irregular borders that later develops coarse, dark hairs (hypertrichosis).

Blue naevus

A benign mole that appears as a small, well-defined, blue-black, dome-shaped papule due to deep dermal pigment.

Cafe au lait patch

A well-demarcated, uniformly light brown, flat patch of skin, whose presence in multiples is a key feature of neurofibromatosis type 1.

Congential melanocytic naevus

A benign mole that is present at birth, often larger and more raised than acquired nevi, and may have coarse hairs.

Intradermal naevus

A mature, benign mole that is raised, dome-shaped, flesh-colored or light brown, and soft.

Junctional naevus

A benign mole that is flat (macular), small, round, and uniformly brown, with melanocyte nests at the dermal-epidermal junction.

Kaposi's sarcoma

A vascular tumor that presents as distinctive violaceous or brown patches, plaques, or nodules.

Lentigo

A benign, dark brown or black, well-defined macule, such as a solar lentigo ('age spot') on sun-exposed skin.

Lentigo maligna

A form of melanoma in situ on sun-damaged skin, appearing as a slowly enlarging, irregularly pigmented brown-to-black macule.

Melanoma

A malignant tumor of melanocytes, classically presenting as an asymmetric, irregularly bordered, variably colored, and evolving pigmented lesion (ABCDE criteria).

Melanoma in situ

The earliest stage of melanoma, where malignant melanocytes are confined to the epidermis, such as in lentigo maligna.

Naevus of Ito

A dermal melanocytosis affecting the shoulder and supraclavicular area, presenting as a mottled, blue-gray patch.

Naevus of Ota

A dermal melanocytosis presenting as a mottled, blue-gray patch of unilateral hyperpigmentation on the face in the distribution of the trigeminal nerve.

Naevus spilus

A distinctive lesion consisting of a light brown café-au-lait macule with multiple, smaller, darker brown macules or papules speckled within it.

Open comedome

A 'blackhead,' which is a pilosebaceous follicle filled with a keratin and sebum plug that is open to the skin surface, with the black color caused by oxidized lipid.

Pigmented basal cell carcinoma

A subtype of BCC that contains melanin, appearing as a pearly, translucent papule with brown, blue, or gray pigmentation.

Seborrhoiec keratosis

A benign, waxy, hyperpigmented, 'stuck-on' papule or plaque with a verrucous surface.

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