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Balanitis

A general term for inflammation, which is often infectious or irritant-related and lacks the specific shiny, orange-red appearance of Zoon's.

Circinate balanitis

Presents as serpiginous or annular, grayish-white plaques associated with reactive arthritis, a different morphology and systemic association.

Contact dermatitis

An eczematous reaction to an irritant or allergen, which is typically pruritic and ill-defined, not a discrete, shiny plaque.

Eczema

Presents with itching, scaling, and erythema, and lacks the well-demarcated, moist, shiny appearance of Zoon's balanitis.

Erythroplasia of Queyrat

A persistent, velvety red plaque that represents squamous cell carcinoma in situ and requires biopsy for diagnosis.

Fixed drug reaction

A well-demarcated, dusky erythematous plaque that recurs in the exact same spot upon re-exposure to a specific drug.

Lichen planus

Presents as violaceous papules or annular plaques, often with a fine, lacy white pattern (Wickham's striae).

Penile intraepithelial neoplasia

A precancerous lesion appearing as a persistent red or white plaque, which must be ruled out by biopsy.

Psoriasis

Presents as well-demarcated, erythematous plaques, which may have a silvery scale if not in a moist area.

Scabies

An infestation causing intense pruritus and may involve papules or burrows on the glans, but does not form a shiny plaque.

Sclerosing lymphangitis

A firm, cord-like structure under the skin of the penile shaft, a different clinical finding from a surface plaque.

Squamous cell carcinoma

An invasive cancer that presents as an indurated, firm nodule or a non-healing ulcer.

lichen sclerosus

Causes atrophic, white, 'cigarette paper'-like plaques and can lead to phimosis, a different color and texture than Zoon's balanitis.

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