What are topical retinoids?

By Dr Magnus Lynch
MA(Cantab) DPhil(Oxon) MRCS FRCP
Consultant Dermatologist & Dermatological Surgeon

Retinoids are drugs with structural similarity to naturally-occurring vitamin A. They interact with retinoid receptors in cell nuclei with a wide range of effects including reducing the production of sebum by sebaceous glands. A number of retinoids are available topically including tretinoin, isotretinoin and adapalene. Retinol, whilst not technically a retinoid, has similar actions and is available without prescription in over the counter products.

Topical retinoids can be effective treatments for mild acne being particularly effective for comedomal acne which is dominated by whiteheads and blackheads. They are less likely to be effective treatments for moderate acne although can be used in combination with other treatments such as oral antibiotics.Topical retinoids (and retinol) can also improve hyperpigmentation (dark marks) and fine lines.

Topical retinoids are generally safe. It is important that they are not used by women who are pregnant or who are at risk of becoming pregnant since they are absorbed to a small extent through the skin and carry a risk of fetal malformation. They can cause skin dryness, peeling and irritation. This can be minimized by using a lower concentration preparations on alternate days.

Related Articles

• Does retinol help acne?
• What topical treatments are available for acne?
• What are combination acne treatments?
• Why do I get dark marks after acne spots?

About Dr Magnus Lynch

I am a London-based Consultant Dermatologist and Dermatological Surgeon. My NHS practice is at Guy's Hospital and is focused on Mohs micrographic surgery and the treatment of complex skin cancers. My private practice additionally focuses on laser treatments, regenerative dermatology, rosacea, acne, pigmentation and scarring. I have particular expertise in the diagnosis and treatment of skin cancer, including minimally-invasive techniques, Mohs micrographic surgery, and facial reconstructive surgery. I studied at the Universities of Cambridge and Oxford, and completed my dermatology training and Mohs fellowship at the prestigious St John’s Institute of Dermatology. I graduated from medical school in 2003 and have worked exclusively in Dermatology since 2012.

I lead a research team at King’s College London investigating the molecular biology of skin cancer and skin cancer diagnostics, and I constantly aim to translate the latest findings into better patient care. You can learn more about my Research.

In recent years I have been involved in Media Appearances, including the Channel 5 series 'Skin A&E', where I perform skin surgeries and treat various skin conditions. Filming for the next series has recently completed and the series will be released later in 2025.

How I can help

I consult with private patients at several well-appointed and conveniently located sites across central London:

• London Bridge Hospital: Conveniently situated within The Shard, next to London Bridge station.
• Skin55 Ltd: Located at 55 Harley Street, this beautiful Edwardian building houses one of the largest private dermatology facilities in the UK with a comprehensive laser suite.
• OneWelbeck: Located close to Bond Street underground station. Mohs surgery, lasers, and other skin surgeries are performed in the state-of-the-art surgical suite here.

A new consultation is £250, a follow up consultation is £220. For more information on fees, please visit Prices.